Tumour immunology - immunology tumor

Tumour cells are usually not recognized and killed by the immune system. There are two main causes. The first is failure to express molecules such as HLA and costimulatory B7 molecules which are required for activation of cytotoxic, or 'killer', T lymphocytes, since expression of these 'costimulatory' molecules following gene transfection may augment an immune response. Secondly, tumours may also actively secrete immunosuppressive cytokines and cause a generalized immunosuppression, leading for example to the reactivation of latent herpes zoster in shingles associated with malignancy.

Cancer Tip

Remember, there are hundreds, possibly thousands of cancer fighting phytochemicals in plants. If you just stick to a familiar few types, you’ll miss out on all the other cancer fighting phytochemicals that are found in the foods you don’t eat on a regular basis.

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Health Tip

Tiny airborne droplets rapidly spread viral infections if an infected person coughs or sneezes and another person breathes these in. This photograph shows how far droplets are sprayed by a sneeze.