Hodgkin's hodgkins lymphoma disease Symptom, Treatment, Cause, Prognosis, Signs, Picture, Survival rate

With modern treatment (radiotherapy, chemotherapy or both), HD is now curable in the majority of patients. The choice of treatment is determined largely by the distribution and extent of disease. The Ann Arbor staging classification has been modified to take into account the volume of lymph node masses and the use of modern imaging techniques such as CT scanning

Symptoms and signs of Hodgkins disease (HD)

The symptoms and signs are:

• lymph node enlargement, most often of the cervical nodes, these are usually painless
• enlargement of the spleen/liver
• 'B' symptoms: fever, drenching night sweats, weight loss of >10% bodyweight.
• other constitutional symptoms, such as pruritus, fatigue, anorexia and, occasionally, alcohol-induced pain at the site of enlarged lymph nodes
• symptoms due to involvement of other organs (e.g. lung, bone, liver).

Treatment of Hodgkin's disease (HD)

Initially, treatment is nearly always given with curative intent and consists of radiotherapy, cyclical combination chemotherapy or both. The choice of treatment will depend predominantly on:

• stage
• sites of involvement
• the 'bulk' of lymph node masses
• the presence or absence of 'B' symptoms.

Prognosis at recurrence of Hodgkin's disease (HD)

Failure to achieve an initial complete or almost complete response, and recurrence within 1 year, are both associated with a very poor prognosis. Similarly, patients who develop recurrent HD more than once will almost certainly die of HD eventually. The use of myeloablative therapy with peripheral blood progenitor cell support is now being evaluated in these situations; it seems to be curative in up to 50% of subjects and has now been adopted as standard practice in western Europe. In contrast, patients who develop recurrent HD (e.g. within the abdomen) a few years after receiving radiotherapy for localized, supradiaphragmatic disease can be given combination chemotherapy and still be cured. Allogeneic transplantation for Hodgkin's disease remains experimental.

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