Burkitt's lymphoma Cancer Symptom

Burkitt's lymphoma is a high-grade lymphoma which was first described in children in West Africa who presented with a jaw tumour, extranodal abdominal involvement and ovarian tumours. This type of lymphoma is endemic in West Africa where there is also a high incidence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. These are also areas where malaria is common and it has been suggested that the virus is carried from person to person by mosquitoes. Most patients have antibodies to EBV in their serum. The tumour is associated with a chromosome change, most commonly t(8;14).

A lymphoma pathologically identical to African Burkitt's lymphoma also occurs in the United States and in Europe in adults. However, in these patients it is not usually associated with EBV, but the cytogenetic changes are the same. This disease is usually referred to as 'sporadic' Burkitt's lymphoma.

The distinction from Burkitt cell ALL is made purely on the degree of infiltration of the bone marrow, irrespective of nodal and extranodal involvement. It is a very aggressive tumour; however, with modern intensive chemotherapy regimens, Burkitt's lymphoma can now be cured in most patients, particularly in children.

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